The nonradiative transition rates Adhere to the system WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), the place p is the volume of phonons matching the energy gap. The nonradiative changeover costs of Er3+ show temperature dependence in line with the multiphonon relaxation concept. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative relaxation charges https://audreyq912bum6.cosmicwiki.com/user